Production of polyesters

ABSTRACT

AN IMPROVED MULTIFILAMENTPOLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE YARN AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAID YARN, SAID YARN BEING COMBINED WITH A CAPATIBLE FIBER FINISH COMPOSITION OF HEXADECYL (ISOCETYL) STEARATE, COCONUT OIL OR MINERAL OIL, GLYCEROL MONOOLEATE, DECAGLYCEROL TETRAOLEATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE TALL OIL FATTY ACID, SULFONATE GLYCEROL TRIOLEATE, POLYOXYETHYLENE TALLOW AMINE, 4,4&#39;&#39;-THIOBIS (6-TERT-BUTYLM-CRESOL), AND A SILANE HAVING THE STRUCTURAL FORMULA   (-CH2-O-)&gt;CH-CH2-O-(CH2)N-SI(-O-CH3)3   WHEREIN N=2 TO 5.

"United States Patent Olfice Patented May 1, 1973 US. Cl. 252-8.75 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An improved multifilament polyethylene terephthalate yarn and process for producing said yarn, said yarn being combined with a compatible fiber finish composition of hexadecyl (isocetyl) stearate, coconut oil or mineral oil; glycerol monooleate; decaglycerol tetraoleate; polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid; sulfonated glycerol trioleate; polyoxyethylene tallow amine; 4,4-thiobis (6-tert-butylm-cresol); and a silane having the structural formula wherein 11:2 to 5.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to multifilament yarns and particularly to improved multifilament polyethylene terephthalate yarns for industrial uses. More particularly, it relates to an improved multifilament polyethylene terephthalate yarn and a new fiber finishing process for polyethylene terephthalate yarns in which novel fiber finish compositions are applied to said yarns. Still more particularly, it relates to a fiber finish composition designed specifically for subsequent single dip tire cord processing for polyethylene terephthalate yarns.

Many fiber finish compositions are known. Some are quite specific in composition and relate to specific type fibers. Small changes in fiber finish composition frequently result in tremendous improvements in not only processing but also in end use of the fiber. One problem is that two chemical dip treatments are currently required for polyester tire cord in order to obtain fiber to rubber adhesion required in the use of fiber in tires.

This invention provides a new approach to improve the dual finish system. It provides a method by which reactive adhesion promoting chemicals are applied to the yarn after the draw zone thus avoiding the critical process conditions. This invention also allows the elimination of the heretofore isocyanate dip in cord processing. Such, it is believed will make a significant contribution to this highly sophisticated art.

Accordingly, a prime object of this invention is to provide an improved polyester yarn and an improved fiber finishing process for polyethylene terephthalate yarns in which novel fiber finish compositions are applied to said yarns. Other objects will be apparent from time to time in the following specification.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION These and other objects are obtained in accordance with one mode of the present invention by providing polyethylene terephthalate filaments having incorporated therein from about 0.5 to about 1.4 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a compatible fiber finish composition of about 45 to 50 parts by weight of hexadecyl (isocetyl) stearate; about 4 to 6 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate; about 3.5 to 5.5 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate; about 5.5 to 8.1 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid; about 8.0 to 10.0 parts by weight sulfonated glycerol trioleate; about 2.0 to 3.0 parts by weight polyoxyethylene tallow amine; about 1.0 to 2.0 parts by weight 4,4 thiobis(6-tert-butyl-mcresol); and about 5 to 30 parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherein n=2 to 5.

Another mode of this invention is attained by providing polyethylene terephthalate filaments having incorporated therein from about 0.5 to about 1.4 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a compatible fiber finish composition of about 3 to 5 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate, about 3 to 5 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate, about 4 to 8 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid, about 6 to 10 parts by weight of sulfonated glycerol trioleate, about 3 to 5 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tallow amine, about 1.0 to 2.0 parts by weight 4,4 thiobis(6-tert-butyl-mcresol), about 10 to 30 parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherein n=2 to 5, and 49 to about 55 parts by weight coconut oil.

Still another mode of this invention is attained by providing polyethylene terephthalate filaments having incorporated therein from about 0.5 to about 1.4 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a compatible fiber finish composition of about 3 to 5 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate, about 8 to 12 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate, about 6 to 12 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid, about 10 to 14 parts by weight of sulfonated glycerol trioleate, about 1 to .3 parts by weight of 4,4 thiobis-(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol), about 5 to 30 parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherein n =2 to 5, and about 40 to 48 parts by weight mineral oil.

One of the great advantages of this invention lies in the fact that the fiber finish composition is applied to the filaments after normal processing or preparation thereby avoiding many of the processing problems, such as, heat losses from vaporization of volatile components in fiber finishing components, particularly using aqueous systems as well as others.

Another real advantage of this invention is that it eliminates the need for the isocyanate dip in cord processlng.

These and other advantages can more fully be appreciated when viewed in light of the following examples along with the discussion in the specification. These examples illustrate in Tables I-IV applicants invention and advantages. These tables further illustrate the interrelationship of these fiber finish compositions with fiber performance in relation to double versus single dip adhesion as well as confirmation of these results in tire cord physical properties. These examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limitative.

TABLE I.-FINISH COMPOSITION (PARTS BY WEIGHT) Finish identities Finish components A B O D E F G H I J K M N O P Q, Function Hexadecyl stearate 63 56 52 38 54 54 52 49 52 49 51 Lubricant. Glycerol monoolcate.-. 6 5 4 3 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 Emulsificr. Decaglyceroltetraoleatc 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Do. Poe (5) tall oil fatty acid. 8 7 6 3 6 8 7 7 6 5 6 5 Do. Sull'ated glycerol trioleate 12 10 8 5 8 12 10 10 8 7 8 7 8 Antistat emulsifier Poe (20) tallow amine 4 4 4 2 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 Do. 4,4 thiobis(6-tert-butyl-m-cresol) 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Anti-d t OX1 an Gamma glycidoxypropyl 12 20 45 20 20 20 Adhesion trimethyoxysilane. activator. Coconut oil 52 Lubricant. Mineral oil (200 SUS) Do. Tricthylene glycol diperlargonate 78 78 73 Do. Other adhesion activators (see (1) 15 (2) 18 (3) 18 (5) (7) 17 (8) 15 (9) 15 (10) 18 (11) Adhesion Table II). activator. Assistants (Table II) 2 (4) 7 (6) 8 (6) 6 (6) 5 (6) 7 (6) Do.

TABLE II TABLE V other adhesion activators and assistants Yarn to yarn friction of overfinish PET tire yarn (1) Gamma methacrylicpropyl trimethoxysilane Yam to yam (2) Beta 3,4(epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane 5 Finish identity f i ti in gm} D1met hy1Plys1loXane N0 yarnfinish 160-621 P P Stearate Yarnfinish A control 240-625 Trlallyhsocyanurate Yarnfinish 20% Additive owc 395 (6) P 9 Polyepoxlde Yarnfinish B, 12% Additive OWC 388 (7) Triglycidylisocyanurate Yarnfinish H, 15% other Additive OWC 250-477 (8) Polyethylene imine (9) Tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate 1 1200 grams pretension, 360 angle. (10) Bis phenol adduct of methylene bis(4-phenyliso- Table I discloses various examples of the compatible cyanate) fiber finish composition in accordance with this invention (11) Tolyene 2,4 dnsocyanate in parts by weight compared with a control Example A.

TABLE III.SCREENING TRIAL SINGLE DIP ADHESION RESULTS IN PERCENT OF DOUBLE DIP CONTROL Finish identity Double A control B C D E F G H I I K L M N O P Q Finish system NON NON NON Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Percent oil on yarn 1. 11 1. 06 95 1.01 1. (I6 1. l2 1. 38 1. 01 93 10. 7 1. 07 87 89 76 1.07 1. 83 1. 27 Percent additive on yarn 11 18 38 18 19 24 13 12 18 23 12 15 15 19 33 Adhesion cold percent of double di "A 100 93 93 90 88 84 68 36 63 39 70 67 78 59 73 58 60 Adhesion hot percent of double dip A- 100 98 93 92 86 83 58 32 57 41 72 72 55 69 53 TABLE IV CONFIRMATION AND TIRE CORD Table enumerates Oth fl adhesion activators and as- PROPERTIES TRIAL 55 sistants in accordance with the present invention. Table Finishidentity III illustrates the results of single dip versus heretofore D C B A double dip. Example A is shown throughout the examples as the control. Here, in Table III, the results Percent 011 0111mm 1 06 show a single dip of applicants compatible fiber finish @3121? We on yam 3 2 u composition with the double dip control (Example A) and Breaking strength inlbs .1. 26.2 26.1 26.3 26.8

G lercen; elongation at break- 15.0 15.1 14.4 14.4 g: gfg g gf gr gfg si 2 5 53 g iig fii gg reige cor 7 Breaking strength inlbs 67.8 68.3 68.4 70.1 Percent qlongmonatbmahfl 2L0 2L0 2M 2M both cold and hot SIiUaIIOHS in percent compared to gilanslaliloglig filglclency,%)e1(el1t & 1 fi 3 a: 2; 25 100 for the double dip control (Example A).

GI'IIIS. S 9. l l ypercen re 61116 S reng Dipped tensmzed cord (2) (a) (4) Table IV then illustrates further confirmation in actual Breaking strength inlbs 62.3 63.2 63.7 63.9 tire cord propertles 1n y g ig r n dipped Percent elongationat break 16.4 16.9 15.7 14.8 t ih d L Translational eiiici ency,perccnt 81 81 80 Tii rmai Stability-percent retained 76 79 8 82 Table V illustrates yarn to yarn friction in accordance sreng 0 Extension compression fatigue percent w with this invention. A pretension of 1200 grams was Agzlflluid SE;ell%t]:; 1 6 2g e3 3% used along with a 360 angle. The component improves ies on o s. 27 A dhesion 3,, cold 40 42 43 43 the yarn to yarn frictional properties, thus retaining a good translational efliciency despite the application of an g gig i g 9 adhesive compound. a B (EFL The following definitions are used in this invention to (DIP). 4 A DI a d R define any areas not considered heretofore known or considered to be part of the prior art. The extension-compression fatigue, sometimes called disk fatigue is used to determine the extension and compression fatigue of textile tire cord. The disk fatigue terter cyclically compresses a'nd extends cord specimens that have been imbedded in cured rubber blocks. After a specified number of compression and extension cycles, the cords are removed from the rubber blocks and tested for tensile strength. The strength of these cords is then compared with that of similar cords that have been cured in rubber but have not been fatigued. The results are then re ported in percent strength retained. This method is more specifically described in U.S. Pat. 2,595,069.

We claim:

1. A fiber finish composition consisting of a compatible aqueous emulsion of (a) about 45 to 50 parts by weight of isocetyl stearate;

(b) about 4 to 6 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate;

() about 3.5 to 5.5 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetrao-leate;

(d) about 5.5 to 8.1 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid containing an average of oxyethylene units per mole;

(e) about 8.0 to 10.0 parts by weight sulfonated glycerol trioleate;

(f) about 2.0 to 3.0 parts by weight polyoxyethylene tallow amine containing an average of oxyethylene units per mole;

(g) about 1.0 to 2.0 parts by weight 4,4 thi0bis-(6- tert-butyl-m-cresol); and

( h) about 5 to parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherei'n n=2 to 5.

2. A fiber finish composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the silane is gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

3. Synthetic filamentary yarn consisting of polyethylene terephthalate filaments which are treated with from about 0.5 to about 1.4 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a fiber finish composition consisting of (a) about to parts by weight of isocetyl stearate;

(b) about 4 to 6 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate;

(c) about 3.5 to 5.5 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate;

(d) about 5.5 to 8.1 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid containing an average of 5 oxyethylene units per mole;

(e) about 8.0 to 10.0 parts by weight sulfonated glycerol trioleate;

(f) about 2.0 to 3.0 parts by weight polyoxyethylene tallow amine containing an average of 20 oxyethylene units per mole;

(g) about 1.0 to 2.0 parts by weight 4,4 thiobis-(6- tert-butyl-m-cresol); and

(h) about 5 to 30 parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherein n=2 to 5.

4. A fiber finish composition consisting of a compatible aqueous emulsion of (a) about 3 to 5 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate; (b) about 3 to 5 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate; (c) about 4 to 8 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid containing an average of 5 oxyet hylene units per mole;

((1) about 6 to 10 parts by weight of sulfonated glycerol trioleate;

(e) about 3 to 5 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tallow amine containing an average of 20 oxyethylene units per mole;

(f) about 1.0 to 2.0 parts by Weight 4,4 thiobis-(6- tert-butyl-m-cresol) (g) about 10 to 30 parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherein n=2 to 5; and

(h) about 49 to about 55 parts by weight coconut oil.

5. A fiber finish composition in accordance with claim 4 wherein the silane is gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

6. Synthetic filamentary yarn consisting of polyethylene terephthalate filaments which are treated with from about 0.5 to about 1.4 weight percent based on the weight of the yarn of a compatible fiber finish composition consisting of (a) about 3 to 5 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate; (b) about 3 to 5 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate;

(c) about 4 to 8 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid containing an average of 5 oxyethylene units per mole;

(d) about 6 to 10 parts by weight of sulfonated glycerol trioleate;

(e) about 3 to 5 parts by Weight of polyoxyethylene tallow amine containing an average of 20 oxyethylene units per mole;

(f) about 1.0 to 2.0 parts by weight 4,4 thiobis-(6- tert-butyl-m-cresol) (g) about 10 to 30 parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherein 21:2 to 5; and

(h) about 49 to about 55 parts by weight coconut oil.

7. A fiber finish composition consisting of compatible aqueous emulsion of (a) about 3 to 5 parts by weight of glycerol monooleate;

(b) about 8 to 12 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetraoleate;

(c) about 6 to 12 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene tall oil fatty acid containing an average of 5 oxyethyle'ne units per mole;

(d) about 10 to 14 parts by weight of sulfonated glycerol trioleate;

(e) about 1 to 3 parts by weight of 4,4 thiobis-(6- tert-butyl-m-cresol) (f) about 10 to 30 parts by weight of a silane having the structural formula wherein 11:2 to 5; and

(g) about 40 to 48 parts by weight mineral oil.

8. A fiber finish composition in accordance with claim 7 wherein the silane is gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

9. Synthetic filamentary yar'n consisting of polyethylene terephthalate filaments which are treated with from 0.5

8 to about 1.4 weight percent based on the weight of the wherein n=2 to 5; and yarn of a fiber finish composition consisting of (g) about 40 to 48 parts by weight mineral oil.

(a) about 3 0t 5 parts by weight of glycerol mono- Oleate. References Cited (b) about 8 to 12 parts by weight of decaglycerol tetra- 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS Oleate; 3,013,966 12/1961 Schiermeier 2528.7 about 6 to 12 parts y welght of polyoxyethylene 3,350,345 10/1967 Vanderbilt et a1. 156110 x tall oil fatty acid containing an average of 5 oxyethyl- 3,398,045 8/1968 Clayton et a1 156 -110 X e'ne units per mole; 3,428,560 2/1969 Olsen 252--8.7 ((1) about 10 to 14 parts by weight of sulfonated 10 3,503,880 3/1970 McMicken 2528.75 glycerol trioleate; 3,687,721 8/1972 Dardoufas 1l7138.8 F (e) about 1 to 3 parts by weight of 4,4 thi0bis-(6- tert-butyl-m-cresol); OTHER REFERENCES (f) about 10 to 30 parts b weight of a il h i 15 The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, seventh edition, h Structural fo l Pub. 1966 by Reinhold Pub. Corp. of New York, p. 761.

HERBERT B. GUYNN, Primary Examiner OOH; CH2-CHCHzO(CH2)nSiOCH US' Cl X'R' $0113 11776 T, 138.8 F, 139.5 C.Q.; 156110 A, 329; 161- 

